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Compare Indian Ocean (2001) - Norfolk Island (2004)
Compare Indian Ocean (2001) z Norfolk Island (2004)
| Indian Ocean (2001) | Norfolk Island (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years: 20.2%
15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry |
| Airports | - | 1 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total:
68.556 million sq km note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Strait of Malacca, and other tributary water bodies |
total: 34.6 sq km
land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 5.5 times the size of the US | about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south. | Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. |
| Birth rate | - | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues: $4.6 million
expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93) |
| Capital | - | Kingston |
| Climate | northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean | subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation |
| Coastline | 66,526 km | 32 km |
| Constitution | - | Norfolk Island Act of 1979 |
| Country name | - | conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
conventional short form: Norfolk Island |
| Currency | - | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | - | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | NA |
| Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | - | none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | some maritime disputes (see littoral states) | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | NA |
| Economy - overview | The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. | Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production | - | NA kWh |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Java Trench -7,258 m highest point: sea level 0 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Bates 319 m |
| Environment - current issues | endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea | NA |
| Ethnic groups | - | descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians |
| Exchange rates | - | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999) |
| Executive branch | - | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)
head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA |
| Exports | - | $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92) |
| Exports - commodities | - | postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados |
| Exports - partners | - | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe |
| Fiscal year | - | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | - | three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - NA |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 20 00 S, 80 00 E | 29 02 S, 167 57 E |
| Geography - note | major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait | most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated |
| Highways | - | total: 80 km
paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | - | $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) |
| Imports - commodities | - | NA |
| Imports - partners | - | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe |
| Independence | - | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA |
| Industries | - | tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | - | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | NA |
| International organization participation | - | UPU |
| Irrigated land | - | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | - | Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions |
| Labor force | - | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | tourism NA, subsistence agriculture NA |
| Land boundaries | - | 0 km |
| Land use | - | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
| Languages | - | English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian |
| Legal system | - | based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
| Literacy | - | NA |
| Location | body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia |
| Map references | World | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | - | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | - | none |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| National holiday | - | Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) |
| Nationality | - | noun: Norfolk Islander(s)
adjective: Norfolk Islander(s) |
| Natural hazards | occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches | typhoons (especially May to July) |
| Natural resources | oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules | fish |
| Net migration rate | - | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Political parties and leaders | - | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | none |
| Population | - | 1,841 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | NA |
| Population growth rate | - | -0.01% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa) | none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Religions | - | Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996) |
| Sex ratio | - | NA |
| Suffrage | - | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment: adequate
domestic: NA international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite service planned for near future |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 2,532; note: a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998) |
| Terrain | surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge | volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains |
| Total fertility rate | - | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | NA |
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